Reuben w



(No Model.)

R. W. HENT..

ROLLER BEARING.

Patented Aug. 7, 1888.

Inventor- Harman mares ATENT @rrrca,

REUBEN \V. HENT, OF SAN FRANCISGO, CALIFORNIA.

ROLLER=BEARENG.

EPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 387,356, dated August '7, 1888.

Application filed April 16, 1887.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, REUBEN \V. HENT, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco,and State of California, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Roller-Bearings, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to that class of rollerbearings in which are employed a series of bearing-rollers bearing directly on both the shaft and casing, and a series of separating- "rollers of smallerdiameter bearing neither on the shaft nor casing, but on the bearing-rollers,to keep the latter separate from each other, and in which the separating-rollers are kept from contact with the shaft by their bearing on the bearing-rollers and from contact with the casing by their hearing on an encircling ring. This ring having only the separating rollers for its bearings, its axis is liable to shift from the axis of the shaft to a detrimental extent.

The object of my invention is to limit said shifting. This object is attained by interposing the ring between journals of the bearingrollers on its periphery and journals of the separating-rollers on its inner side, the two series of rollers being so arranged relatively to each other and their-journals made of such small but adequate dimensions that an adequate ring may be interposed, as aforesaid, between adequate journals.

In such ring hearing at its periphery on journals of the bearingrollers as well as at its inner side on journals of the separating-rollers, in said arrangement and journals of the rollers to render the employment of such ring possible, and in the peculiar construction and combinations of the parts hereinafter set forth, consists, essentially, my invention. It is illustrated in the accon'ipanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a transverse section through the center or on the line 03 m, Fig. 2, of a rollerbearing embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the center or on the line a: 0:, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of a bearing roller and a separating roller, showing the relative positions of the rollers as seen along the plane tangent to both. Fig. 4

is a side view of said roller-bearing as it ap- Scrial No. 235,040. (No model.)

pears after the removal of the shaft and casing, portions of the rollers being broken away. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are views showing means of retaining the several parts in their proper longitudinal positions. Fig. 10 is a side view of a short separating-roller.

Arepresents the shaft; B,thebearing-rollers, as wholes; O, the separating-rollers, as wholes; D, the casing, and E the ring. The ring is a hollow cylinder and coaxial with the shaft. Each bearingroller B consists of two journals, B, and a smaller'journal, B, located between the journals B. These three journals are coaxial. Thejournals B bear directly on the shaft A and the casing D, and form rollingbearings either for a stationary casing on a rotating shaft or for a stationary shaft on a rotating casing. The journals B rotate in contact with the periphery of the ring E and form rolling-bearings for the ring on the rollers B, thus limiting the shifting of its axis. Each separating-roller 0 consists of twojonr nals, O, and a smaller journal, 0 located between the journals G. These three journals are coaxial.

The diameter of the journals 0 must be so much smaller than that of thc journals B that the rollers C may be arranged relatively to the rollers B, as required, without touching the shaft. The journals G bear neither on the shaft nor casing, but only on the journals B, each journal 0 on and between two journals B, and at such a distance from the shaft that while keeping the rollers Bseparate from each other they also by such bearing keep the rollers G from contact with the shaft. Thejournals C rotate in contact with the inner side of the ring E and form the bearings of the rollers O on the ring.

The ring is interposed between and bears on the journals B at its periphery and the journals O at its inner side.

The journals B and (J axially rotating with the journals B and 0, respectively, in contrary directions, move at their lines of contact with the ring in the same direction, and thus the ring is rotated by and between the journals B on its periphery and thejournals O on its inner side; and while thejournals B" form rolling-bearings for the ring, and thus limit the shifting of its axis, as set forth, the ring forms rolling-bearings for the journals O and thus limits the shifting toward the casing of the rollers G from their proper positions between the rollers B. The arrow-heads indicate the relative directions,when the casing is stationary, of the axial rotations of the shaft, rollers, and ring. The rotation of the ring caused by the travel of thejournals B" and C is not attended with any friction. Its rotation caused by the axial rotations of the journals is attended with friction, but with rolling friction only, if the proportions hereinafter set forth are observed, thus rendering the rollerbearing free from slidingfriction. The shaft, thejournals B, and the casing, receiving the pressure of the load, incur wear, and consequentlychangethcirdimensions. Thejournals O, 0", and B and the ring, receiving none of this pressure, wear nomore with than without it. Thejournals O are requiredonly to resist the pressure of the journals B arising from any tendency of the rollers B, principally on account of their weight, to roll or fall from their proper positions when not prevented by sufiicient pressure of the load.

The journals 0 can be required only to resist the inward pressure of the weight of the ring and the outward pressure of thejournals O arising from their weight, their centrifugal force and their axes being out of the planes of the axes of the rollers B. If the Velocity of the rollers G is great, thejournals O are preferably made as short as is consistent with their (little) required strength, to reduce their weight and therefore their centrifugal force. This may be still further reduced by making them hollow.

Thejournals B can be required only to resist the inward pressure of the weight of the journals B and the outward pressure of the ring arising from its weight, and any inequalities in the pressures of thejournals C on the ring tending to force its axis from the axis of the shaft.

The ring is required only to resist the outward pressure of the journals 0 and the inward pressure of the journals B The pressures which the journals 0', C and B and the ring are required to resist being so slight, it follows that in a rollerbearing having only a small number of rollers B, preferably three, the two series of rollers may be relatively arranged so that the rollers 0 may keep the rollers B separate from each other and be kept from contact with the shaft, and a ring, E, may be interposed between journals B and 0 as set forth, and yet said ring and journals B and 0", whether said proportions are observed or not,have dimensions (strength) ample to resist said pressures, thus rendering said construction practicable; and if said proportions are observed, and especially if said centrifugal force is reduced, as recommended, it follows, further, that the ring and journals 0, G and B incur no substantial wear, and consequently retain substantially their original dimensions (strength) and their original proportions to each other, whatever the wear of the shaft, the journals B, and the casing, thus rendering said construction also durable; and, further, that the proportions necessary to avoid sliding friction can be destroyed only by the wear of the journals B, and the axis of the ring can shift only on account of the wear of the shaft, thejournals B, and the casing.

The two series of rollers must be so arranged relatively to each other that, the orbit or circle in whichthe axes of the rollers 0 move being within the orbit or circle in which the axes of the rollers B move, the two orbits will be, on the one hand, so near each other that the rollers G will be kept from contact with the shaft by the bearing of thejournals G on the journals B, and, on the other hand, so far apart from each other that the space between the two orbits will suffice for the location of an ade quate ring between adequate journals B on its periphery and adequate journals 0 on its inner side.

\Vith reference only to the strength required of the rings and journals B and Cflthe radial difference between the two orbits may be divided into four equal parts, and two of said parts taken for the thickness of the ring, one for the radius of the journals B and the other for the radius of the journals G but as, from the equality of the journals B and G sliding friction would ensue, the outer and inner diameters of the ring and the diameters of the journals B, G, B, and O are preferably so proportioned that the quotient of the inner diameter of the ring divided by the diameter ofa journal 0, (equaling the number of its revo1utions,) multiplied by the circu nr ference of a journal 0, will equal the quotient of the outer diameter of the ring divided by the diameter of a journal B, (equaling the number of its revolutions) multiplied by the circumference of a journal B, thus necessitating a larger diameter of the journals B and.

a smaller diameter of the journals 0 as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4t, 5, and 6. When, therefore, said proportions are observed, as recommended, the two series of rollers must be arranged relatively to each other, with reference also to said proportions, having due and special regard to the strength of thejournals 0 which are then the smallest (weale est) parts of the bearings. The ring and journals B and C are ofequa length, and this need be only a small fraction of that of the rollers B. Thejournals C may be still shorter, as shown in Fig. 10.

Longitudinally the rollers C may be retained by the ring, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, or by flanges, as shown in Figs. 5and 6, or by other equivalent means. The ring may be retained by the inner ends of the journals B, in which case it may retain the rollers G, as aforesaid, Figs. 2 and 4,01 by theinner ends eitherof the journals B,Fig. 5, or of the journals 0, Fig.6, when the rollers Otheniselves are not retained by the ring. When any ofsaid ends either retain the ring or by means of the ring the rollers 0, they are preferably beveled, as shown in the drawings.

The rollers B may be retained upon the shaft by a single collar between the inner ends of the journals B, Fig. 9, or by collars at the outer ends, or other equivalent means, preferably by said single collar. They may be retained within the casing by a single collar between the inner ends of the journals B, Fig. 7, or by flanges at the ends of the casing, Fig. 8, or other equivalent means.

Preferably all the collars and flanges are beveled, as shown in the drawings.

It is evident that each roller B may consist of a single journal B and two journals B located one at each end of such singlejournal B, and each roller 0 may consist of a single journal 0 and two journals 0 located one at each end of such singlejournal G, necessitating the employment of two rings. Evidently,also,each roller B may have more than two journals B and each roller C more than twojournals G a ring E being employed for each set ofjournals l3 and 0 Therefore I do not intend to limit my claims to one ring E and one set ofjournals B and 0 nor to any particular location longitudinally on the rollers B and O of the rings and sets of said jour= nals B and G I claim as my invention- 1. [n a roller-bearing, a ring bearing at its periphery on journals of a series of rollers bearing directly on the shaft and casing and at its inner side on journals ofaseries of rollers bearing neither on the shaft nor casing, but on the rollers of the other-series, all said parts combined substantially as set forth.

2. In a roller-bearing of the class herein described, the ring E, adapted to bear at its periphery on the journals B of the bearing rollers B, consisting each of ajournal, B and of two journals, B, bearing directly on the shaft A and easing D, and to bear at its inner side on the journals 0 of the separatingrollers 0, consisting each of ajournal, G and of two journals, 0', bearing only on the journals B, all said parts combined substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a roller-bearing, the combination of a series of rollers bearing directly on the shaft and casing and having journals adapted to retate in contact with the periphery of a ring coaxial with the shaft, and a series of rollers bearing neither on the shaft nor casing, but on the rollers of the other series, and having journals adapted to rotate in contact with the inner side of said ring, all constructed and arranged substantially as set forth.

4. In a rollerbearing of the class herein described, the combination of the series of bearing-rollers B, each consisting of ajournal, B adapted to rotate in contact with the periphcry of the ring E, coaxial with the shaft A, and of twojournals, B, bearing directly on the shaft and casing, and the series of separating-rollers 0, each consisting of afournal, 0*, adapted to rotate in contact witl the inner side of said ring, and of two journals, 0, hear ing only on thejournals B, all constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

5. In a roller-bearing,the cornbinatiomwith a ring coaxial with the shaft, of a series of rollers bearing directly on the shaft and casing and having journals adapted to rotate in contact with the periphery of said ring, and a series of rollers bearing neither on the shaft nor casing, but on the rollers of the other series, keeping the latter separate from each other, and having journals adapted to rotate in contact with the inner side of said ring, all constructed and arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In a roller-bearing of the class herein described, the combination, with the ring E, coaxial with the shaft A, of the series of bearing-rollers B, consisting each of twojournals, B, bearing directly on the shaft and casing, and of ajournal, B located between thejournals B and adapted to rotate in contact with the periphery of said ring, and the series of separating-rollers O, keeping the rollers B separate from each other, and consisting each of twojournals, 0, bearing only on thejournals B, each journal 0 on and between two journals, B, and of a journal, 0 located between the journals O and adapted to rotate in contact with the inner side of said ring, all constructed and arranged substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a roller bearing, the combination, within the casing, of the shaft, a ring coaxial with the shaft, a series of rollers bearing directly on the shaft and casing and having journals adapted to rotate in contact with the periphery of said ring, and a series of rollers bearing neither on the shaft nor casing, but on the rollers of the other series, and keeping the latter separate from each other, and by such bearing kept from contact with the shaft, and having journals adapted to rotate in contact with the inner side of said ring,all constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a roller-bearing of the class-herein described,the combination,within the casing D,of the shaft A, the series of bearing-rollers B,consisting each of two j ournals,B, bearing directly on the shaft and casing, and of ajournal, 13 ,10- cated between the journals B and adapted to rotate in contact with the periphery of the ring E, coaxial with the shaft, the series of separating-rollers O, keeping the rollers B separate from each other, and kept by their hearing on the latter from contact with the shaft, and consisting each of twojournals, G, bearing only on the journals B, each journal 0 on and between two journals B, and of a journal, G located between the journals (3 and adapted to rotate in contact with the in ICC ner side of said ring, and the said ring E adapted to hear at its periphery on the journals B and at its inner side on the journals 0, all constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

9. A roller-bearing comprising the shaft A, the casing D, the series of bearing-rollers B, consisting each of two journals, B, bearing directly on the shaft and casing, and of a journal, 13 located between the journals B and rotating in contact with the periphery of the ring E, coaxial with the shaft, the series of separating-rollers 0, consisting each of two journals, C, bearing only on the journals B,

each journal 0 on and between two journals B, and of a journal, 0, located between the journals 0 and rotating in contact with the inner side of said ring, and the said ring hearing at its periphery on the journals B and at its inner side on the journals G all constructed, arranged, combined, and adapted to operate substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

REUBEN XV. HENT. XVitnesses:

DAVID P. BELKNAP, EUGENE W. LEVY. 

